28 March,1939 Spanish Civil War ends, Madrid falls to Francisco Franco

 28 MARCH,1939, SPANISH CIVIL WAR ENDS, MADRID FALLS TO FRANCISCO FRANCO.

Siege of Madrid

The Siege of Madrid was the siege of Spain's capital of Spain for half a year, which was during the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939. The city, which was surrounded in October 1936, eventually fell on the Francois forces on March 28, 1939. Madrid was organized by various powers loyal to the Spanish Republic and was surrounded by a rebel group under General Francisco Franco and subject to air bombardment. In November 1936, the Battle of Madrid saw the most intense battle around and around the city, when nationalists made their most determined efforts to capture the Republican capital.

Nationalist "Drive on Madrid" (August-October 1936):-

            

The initial strategy of military conspiracy in the form of the 19th Century Prananasciantino (military wing) was taking power all over the country. However, the resistance of the coup by Republicans meant that Franco and his colleagues wanted to seize the army instead, if they wanted to seize the army. Franco himself had landed with Moroccan soldiers from the Spanish army of Africa in Alejise, southern Spain. Molla, the colonial soldiers as well as the Spanish foreign army and the carlist and the militant militia, also raised soldiers in the north. Together, he planned to "drive on Madrid" to take the capital of Spain, moving forward from Franco Bedujos, which he had taken in August with Burgos and Molla.  

 
Meanwhile, in the city, the Republican government had improved the leadership of the Socialist leader.
Francisco Lerbo Cabellero, in the government of Kabeller, six Socialist Party ministers, two communists, two Republican Left parties, the Catalan Leftist Party, a Basque nationalist party and a Republican central Minister was involved. Although there were minorities in the communist government, they were affected by access to weapons from the USSR and through foreign volunteers in the International Brigade. The Republican military commander in Madrid was a Spanish general, José Miaja, but Soviet military personnel were probably more important. General Goraive was his overall commander, General Smushkevic ordered the armies sent by the USSR and General Sentry sent from Pavlov to his armored forces. Most Republican defenders of Madrid (c. 90%) were combatants, who were picked by leftist political parties or trade unions, who chose their own leaders. In the early stages of the civil war there was relatively little control over the Republican command these units.
On the other hand, both Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy have supplied Franco with armored units for their attack on Italy, air cover and Madrid, while Spain was commanding the freeways of the Luftwaffe units, Franco officers in the Vulture Army. Nationalists arrived in Madrid in 1936 in early November, coming from the North (Corunna Road and West Extremadura Road with the road on October 29, under the Enrique Lister 5th (Communist) Regiment on a Republican counterattack. On 2 November, Brunete fell to the nationalists, leaving its troops in the western suburbs of Madrid.  
However, there were some serious strategic drawbacks in the efforts of nationalists to capture Madrid. For one thing, their soldiers were considered by defenders to be equal to two to more than one (though nationalists were far more trained and equipped). There was another disadvantage when Madrid was unable to surround them and being cut off with external help. 

Infighting, Fall of Madrid (1938–March 1939):-

                                                                             

By the spring of 1939, after the collapse of the Republican forces on other fronts, it was clear that the Republican cause in Madrid was doomed. This created a bitter division within Republican ranks. On one side was the prime minister Juan Negrín, some other government ministers and the Communist Party, who wanted to fight to the end. They were opposed by the Republican Colonel Segismundo Casado and others, who wanted to negotiate the surrender of Madrid to spare Republican supporters the worst of the Nationalist retribution. On 5 March, Casado's men arrested communist officers in Madrid, stripped them of their powers, and deposed Negrín, establishing the National Defence Council (Consejo Nacional de Defensa) in order to negotiate a peace deal with Franco. On the 6th, the Communist leaders and the socialist Prime Minister Negrín fled Spain from Elda, nevertheless the communist troops settled around Madrid rejected the authority of the Council and entered in Madrid on the 7th. There were some days of fighting in the streets between communist and non-communist troops, ending with the defeat of the communists and the execution of their leader Luis Barceló.

This left Casado free to try to negotiate surrender terms with Franco. However, the Nationalist leader insisted that unconditional surrender was all that he would accept. On 26 March, Franco ordered a general advance into Madrid and on the 27th, the Republican front collapsed – many of their troops surrendered or simply threw away their weapons and started for home. On 28 March 1939,